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===tech=== Most of this page is about open source software. Many of the packages listed are fast and light on system resources but can take time to learn how to use. ====linux==== * [https://www.debian.org/index.en.html Debian] * [https://www.archlinux.org/ Arch Linux] rolling release. with many options on installation * [http://distrowatch.com/ DistroWatch.com] information about the different linux distributions. * [http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/ UNetbootin] Software to create bootable usb linux system. Runs also on windows and mac. * [http://www.tldp.org/ The Linux Documentation Project] =====window manager stuff===== * [http://openbox.org/ Openbox] very basic window manager - you can install additional features yourself, making it very customisable but not working well straight out of the box. You will probably need to install tools for power mangement, networking, managing displays, etc. * [http://urukrama.wordpress.com/2008/07/22/my-openbox-keybindings/ urukrama's Openbox keybindings] * [http://awesome.naquadah.org/ awesome] tiling window manager - meaning windows are arranged with the keyboard into tiles. Good for if you dont like to use the mouse and also good for making the most of display space. * [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Comparison_of_Tiling_Window_Managers Comparison of Tiling Window Managers - ArchWiki] =====shell===== * [http://gnometerminator.blogspot.co.uk/ terminator] terminal emulator with many features, including tabs and split windows Some useful keys Ctrl+Shift+O Split terminals Horizontally. Ctrl+Shift+E Split terminals Vertically. Ctrl+Shift+Right/Left/Up/Down Move parent dragbar. Alt+Right/Left/Up/Down Move to different terminals * [http://tmux.sourceforge.net/ tmux] terminal multiplexer - for mouse free control of terminal windows * [http://www.commandlinefu.com commandlinefu.com] * [http://zsh.sourceforge.net/ zsh] the zsh shell. an alternative to bash with some interesting features. [http://strcat.de/zsh/ some examples of using zsh] with zsh, instead of cd you can use z with part of the name of the path you want to move to, favouring recently and frequently used paths. another useful one is being ables to type ls **/*.txt to find all txt files deeper in the directory structure. * [http://grml.org/zsh/zsh-lovers.html zsh-lovers man page] * [https://github.com/sorin-ionescu/prezto pretzo] a configuration framework for zsh * [http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/bash-aliases-mac-centos-linux-unix.html 30 handy bash aliases] =====web===== * [http://www.vimperator.org vimperator] vi style control of firefox/iceweasel web browser. So you can control the web browser without using the mouse. * [http://surfraw.alioth.debian.org/ Surfraw] Shell Users' Revolutionary Front Rage Against the Web - open websites from the commandline You can <code>alias sr="surfraw"</code> and do <code>sr wikipedia chard</code> to jump to wikipedia article about chard. See the [http://surfraw.alioth.debian.org/#elvilist list of elvi] (website search scripts for surfraw). =====tools, toys, reference===== * [http://conky.sourceforge.net/ conky] system monitor * [https://github.com/skwp/dotfiles yadr] yet another dotfile repo. a bundle of configurations for vim, zsh and git * [http://www.a-a-p.org/ aap] makes it easy to download, build and install software * [http://www.calmar.ws/ calmar.ws] tips and info on linux,vim, vimperator, awesome, other stuff * [http://www.refcards.com/ refcards.com] free quick reference cards * [http://fcron.free.fr fcron.free.fr] apparently good for running cron jobs on a system not always switched on. * [http://openvz.org/Main_Page OpenVZ] container based vitualisation for linux. =====vi text editor===== * [http://www.lagmonster.org/docs/vi.html vi cheat sheet] * [http://zzapper.co.uk/vimtips.html vim tips] * [http://blog.bigsmoke.us/2009/07/10/vim-mediawiki-editing vim mediawiki editing] =====file management===== * [http://ranger.nongnu.org/ ranger] terminal based file manager with vi style keybindings and many features including 'rifle' file opener, previewing, tabs, bookmarks, tagging. ranger is not a two pane file manager like mc or vifm, but uses 'miller columns' showing the directory hierarchy (similar to mac os 'finder'). The centre column is active, the left column the higher level directory, and the right column shows either a deeper directory or file information or preview. * [https://www.midnight-commander.org/ mc] Midnight Commander - 2 pane terminal based file manager (norton commander style) * [http://vifm.info/ vifm] vi file manager. Two pane and with vi style keybindings * [http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/ xfe] X File Explorer - light file manager for x-windows. Can have 2 pane and directory tree. Some norton commmander style keybindings. * [https://gcmd.github.io/ gnome commander] File manager for gnome, norton commander style. * [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ gentoo] Light, fast 2 pane file manager * [https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Baobab Baobab] gnome disk usage analyser - visual representation of disk usage - great for when you are trying to free up space * [http://fuse.sourceforge.net/sshfs.html sshfs] mount a remote filesystem via ssh =====email software===== * [http://www.mutt.org/ mutt] - email program. Its not for everyone, it takes a lot of configuring but once you have got it right it can work well and save time. * [http://stevelosh.com/blog/2012/10/the-homely-mutt Steve losh's mutt guide] * [http://www.djcbsoftware.nl/code/mu/ mu] (maildir-utils) program for searching email stored in maildir format. To index your emails, <code>mu index --maildir=mymail</code> You can do this for several mail directories, and you may want to set it up as a cron job to periodically index your new emails. <code>mu find cabbage</code> will show emails about cabbage. You can also bind <code>mu find</code> to a key in mutt, and have the results stored as a temporary maildir, which can accessed in mutt: (from [http://dev.mutt.org/trac/wiki/UseCases/SearchingMail]) # Mu # first macro does the search according to user query, second macro jumps to result list macro index <F8> "<shell-escape>rm -rf ~/.mu/results; mu-find -o l -l ~/.mu/results " "mu-find" macro index <F9> "<change-folder-readonly>~/.mu/results\n" "display mu-find results" * [http://notmuchmail.org notmuch] program for searching email * [http://www.lunar-linux.org/mutt-sidebar/ mutt sidebar] patch for mutt with folders listed in a sidebar * [http://blog.developwithpassion.com/2013/05/02/getting-up-and-running-with-a-sane-mutt-setup/ getting up and running with a sane mutt setup] * [http://realprogrammers.com/jump_start/mutt/ realprogrammers.com mutt guide] * [http://www.cmdln.org/2008/11/07/how-i-tamed-my-mutt/ How I tamed my mutt – cmdln.org (a sysadmin blog)] * [http://www.fefe.de/muttfaq/faq.html fefe.da Mutt FAQ] * [http://www.gnu.org/software/mailman/index.html Mailman] GNU Mailing list manager =====graphics===== * [http://www.gimp.org/ gimp] gui graphics editor (like photoshop) * [http://www.inkscape.org inkscape] gui vector graphics editor (like corel draw) * [http://feh.finalrewind.org/ feh] a fast and light image viewer ---using feh--- left - previous image right - next image up/down - zoom / - zoom to fit window d - toggle display filenames Ctrl + delete - delete file m - menu * [http://www.imagemagick.org/ imagemagick] powerfull tools for converting, editing and composing images. Good for batch image processing. * [http://www.graphicsmagick.org graphicsmagick] a fork of imagemagick - apparently more efficient. * [http://gmic.eu/ G'MIC] GREYC's Magic for Image Computing - an image processing framework. Commandline tools, Gimp plugin and C++ library. =====document and book viewers===== * [http://www.mupdf.com/ MuPDF] - a fast, lightweight pdf viewer with some vi style keybindings. * [http://naihe2010.github.io/apvlv/ apvlv] - another pdf viewer, vi style. * [http://calibre-ebook.com/ calibre] - ebook library manager * [http://fbreader.org/ FBReader] reader for epub etc =====electronic books===== * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_scanning Book scanning wikipedia article] * [https://openlibrary.org/ openlibrary.org] ebooks * [http://gen.lib.rus.ec gen.lib.rus.ec] library genesis. many books. * [https://www.gutenberg.org/ Project Gutenberg] one of the oldest free ebook collections on the net. 46,000 titles. * [https://archive.org/ internet archive] also hosts many books . * [http://resrc.io/ resrc.io] list of free programming language resources =====backup/archiving===== * [http://rsync.samba.org/ rsync] - a powerful backup/file copying tool. rsync only copies differences in the files, to minimise the amount of data being transfered. This means it responds well to transfers which are interupted and restarted. Commonly used options: rsync dir1/ dir2 =note the slash to put contents of dir1 into dir2 (often what u want) -a =archive mode- recursive, preserve times, permissions etc (often what u want) -v =verbose --progress =show progress -n =dry run (dont actually do it, just a practice to see what would happen) --delete =delete files in the destination that were not in the source -u (update) skip files that are newer on the reciver. this can be run in both directions to syncronise * [http://www.opbyte.it/grsync/ Grsync] - rsync GUI interface frontend for Linux * [http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison/ unison] file syncroniser. Unlike rsync, unison ensures both filesystems have the newest version of a file. [http://www.howtoforge.com/setting-up-unison-file-synchronization-between-two-servers-on-debian-squeeze tutorial on setting up unison] diff -qr source destination # q = brief r=recursive comm -3 <(ls ~/dir-new/) <(ls ~/dir) # compare two directories Find duplicate files: find -not -empty -type f -printf "%s\n" | sort -rn | uniq -d | xargs -I{} -n1 find -type f -size {}c -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum | sort | uniq -w32 --all-repeated=separate Find and delete duplicate files: find -not -empty -type f -printf "%s\n" | sort -rn | uniq -d | xargs -I{} -n1 find -type f -size {}c -print0 | xargs -0 md5sum | sort | uniq -w32 --all-repeated=separate | cut -f3-100 -d ' ' | tr '\n.' '\t.' | sed 's/\t\t/\n/g' | cut -f2-100 | tr '\t' '\n' | perl -i -pe 's/([ (){}-])/\\$1/g' | perl -i -pe 's/'\''/\\'\''/g' | xargs -pr rm -v ====network attached storage (NAS)==== * [http://www.nas-central.org nas-central.org] wiki about hacking NAS devices. ====booklet printing on linux==== some tools, for example, for reordering pages of an a4 documents to make an a5 booklet or zine. pdf2ps # convert a pdf document to postscript psbook in.ps out.ps # reorder the pages to make a book, psnup -s1 -2 book.ps booklet.ps # shrink to 2 pages on each A4 side ps2pdf in.ps out.pdf # convert it back to a pdf If you dont have a duplex printer probably you want to print the even pages, put them in the paper drawer (the right way around! very confusing!) then print the odd pages lpr -P myprinter -o page-set=even -#1 infile.pdf # print the even pages lpr -P myprinter -o page-set=odd -#1 infile.pdf # print the odd pages ====encryption==== * [https://www.cryptoparty.in/documentation/handbook cryptoparty handbook] * [http://www.gnupg.org/ gpg] Gnu Privacy Guard. Tool for encrypting files and email. Most simple usage - gpg encryption of a single file: gpg -c file This prompts for a password and gives file.gpg. To decypt: gpg -d file.gpg > file * [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Disk_Encryption Disk encryption article on ArchWiki] a good explanation of disk encryption and a comparison of the methods. * truecrypt ====tools for those who have little or no connection to internet==== * [http://www.kiwix.org kiwix] wikipedia offline reader - read wikipedia when not connected to internet. The english wikipedia (text only, no images, user pages or discussion pages) compresses to about 8gb! You will need to download this data in 'zim' format, available as a torrent. [http://www.kiwix.org/wiki/Wikipedia_in_all_languages list of wikipedias] * [http://www.openstreetmap.org openstreetmap] collaborative mapping project. it is also possible to download openstreetmap (even the whole planet) for offline viewing using a software called [http://www.navit-project.org/ navit] (which i still havent succussfully used), other software projects are Emerillon and Marble. * [http://offlineimap.org OfflineIMAP] software for syncronising imap mailboxes. It is useful for unreliable or slow internet connections or when you want to read email offline. * [http://hitchwiki.org hitchwiki.org] can also be downloaded to view offline [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Hitchwiki:While_offline hitchwiki while offline]. The database is downloaded in XML format which can be viewed with various kinds of dictionary viewing software. =====offline dictionary for linux===== [http://goldendict.org/ goldendict] which can work with freedict dictionaries. To add, for example, scottish gaelic to german dictionary (on debian): <nowiki>apt-get install dict-freedict-gla-deu </nowiki> for a list of all dictionaries (on debian): <nowiki>apt-cache search dict-freedict </nowiki> * [https://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~fri/ding/ Ding] A very good German-English dictionary lookup program ====filesharing==== * [http://www.torrent411.com torrent411] good torrent tracker (french) requires registration and has advertising but some good stuff on there. 'Télécharger'='Download' * [http://www.rutracker.org rutracker.org] good torrent tracker (russian) also requires registration. * [http://www.zeropaid.com zeropaid] filesharing news and forum * [https://www.myanonamouse.net myananamouse.net] torrent site specialising in english ebooks and audiobooks. it is a private site with a complicated regestration process and many rules, but there is a lot of books on there. * [http://tracker2.postman.i2p tracker2.postman.i2p] i2p torrent tracker (you must be running i2p to access) * [http://www.imule.i2p imule] p2p sharing software for i2p (also an i2p eepsite) ====audio software==== * [http://www.hydrogenaudio.org hydrogen audio] forums about audio software etc * [http://www.rockbox.org/ rockbox] open source firmware for music players. Very useful if the original firmware wont play certain formats, or has restrictions on copying music off the player. Can run on Sansa clip. * [http://www.musicpd.org/ mpd] music player daemon. music playing software designed to be run over a network. If there is a network attached computer connected to an amplifier and running mpd, other computers on the network can control the player by using mpd client software (of which there are many to choose from, i use ncmpcpp). Can run on raspberry pi. Client and daemon can also both be running on the same computer. The database is very fast to search. [http://www.nepherte.be/howto-use-mpd-and-ncmpc-like-a-pro/ mpd and ncmcppp guide] * [http://cmus.sourceforge.net cmus] curses based music player software (linux, console based). with playlists, play queue, filtering, vi style search and command mode, dynamic keybinding. * [http://moc.daper.net/ moc] another, simpler, curses based player. moc has two panels, with a similar look to midnight commander. On the left panel is a file browser and the right is a playlist. * [https://packages.debian.org/sid/randomplay randomplay] even simpler console player. plays random tracks. * [http://deadbeef.sourceforge.net/ DeaDBeeF] GUI music player. Lightweight, extendable with plugins, and has tabbed playlists and a design editor similar to [http://www.foobar2000.org/ foobar2000] (a very good windows music player). * [http://beets.radbox.org/ beets] music collection organising tool. useful for tagging and organising a large collection. * [http://lmms.sourceforge.net/ Linux multimedia studio (LMMS)] free music production software, with VST compatibility. * [http://sox.sourceforge.net sox] command line sound tool. can be used as simple synthesiser, and to convert audio formats. * [http://mumble.sourceforge.net/ Mumble] voice chat software. Mumble was originally developed for chat whilst gaming and is now also popular for conferencing etc. * [http://www.mixxx.org/ Mixxx] Open source DJ software * [http://xwax.org/ xwax: Digital vinyl on Linux] Open source software for DJing using time-coded vinyl (like Serato scratch) * [http://www.tweakheadz.com tweakheadz] has guides on making music with software and hardware * [https://github.com/np1/mps-youtube mps-youtube] terminal based youtube player and downloader. very good for finding and downloading music fast, without the clutter of the youtube site. * [http://ccmixter.org/ ccmixter.org] online community for musicians, hosting a lot of creative commons lisenced audio. * [http://soulseekqt.net soulseek qt] music sharing network. [http://nicotine-plus.sourceforge.net/ nicotine] is the a soulseek client written in python to take 30 random mp3s and put them in a directory (i use this to randomly choose some of my music to put onto my mp3 player): find -name "*.mp3" | sort --random-sort | head -n 30 | xargs -n 1 -i^Cd '\n' cp {} /media/mp3player/randomtunes ====audio hardware==== * [http://www.diyaudio.com diyaudio.com] forums about diy audio hardware projects * [http://www.tweakheadz.com tweakheadz] has guides on making music with software and hardware * [http://www.vintagesynth.com vintagesynth.com] online resource for vintage synthesisers and other audio hardware * [http://www.standuino.eu/standuino/project/ Standuino] DIY open source audio hardware * [http://www.speakerplans.com/ speakerplans.com] designs for speaker enclosures * horn response - speaker enclosure design software. can use with abaca? audio abacus <!-- * [http://www.nzb-magic.com] * [http://www.remote-exploit.org] * [http://www.backtrack-linux.org] * [http://www.aircrack-ng.org] --> ====other==== Many of these links need to be (or already have been) put elsewhere on the wiki * [http://mightyohm.com mighty ohm] some open source hardware designs and a soldering guide in many languages * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desoldering Desoldering - wikipedia article] for learning how to recuperate electronic components. * [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Practical_Electronics/Desoldering Desoldering wikibook] * [http://circuitcircle.de circuit circle] / [http://schraegerunde.blogspot.de/ SCHRÄGERUNDE] DIY electronics and circuit bending -workshops, concerts, installations, performances * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toner_refill Toner refill - wikipedia article] on refilling photocopier laser printer toner * [http://www.freemusicarchive.org freemusicarchive.org] * [https://archive.org/ internet archive] archive of internet sites, also many media files hosted here, you can put media files here too. * [https://github.com/Anoncheg1/Command-line-translator Use google translate from the command line] with some extra features. * [https://github.com/soimort/google-translate-cli Google translate awk program] very similar * [http://www.openframeworks.cc open frameworks] c++ library for creative projects <!-- * [http://www.torproject.org tor project] anonymity network --> * [http://ronja.twibright.com/ RONJA] free technology project for optical point-to-point data links (using visible light). The design has a reported 1.4km range and 10Mbps full duplex data rate. * [http://www.modulatedlight.org/ modulatedlight.org] information and experiments using light for data links, mostly using high power LEDs rather than lasers, as they work better over long distances. * [http://ttfa.net/12volt ttfa.net/12volt] * [http://www.let.uu.nl/~Michael.Moortgat/personal/Courses/TT02/tao_regexps.html A Tao of regular expressions] notes on using regular expressions (for vi, grep, etc) * [http://mattmahoney.net/dc/ mattmahoney on data compression] much info on data compression. PAQ8 text compression, while computationally expensive, could be very useful for low-bandwidth radio data networks. * pbx * x25, a kind of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_switched_network packet switched network] * [https://www.johncahill.net/wiki/index.php/Skype_like_conferencing_System skype like conferencing system] software project proposal. see also ZRTP and SRTP * [http://sdf.org sdf.org] sdf public access unix system * [http://www.tin.org/ tin] text-based usenet newsreader software * [http://www.eternal-september.org eternal september] Free text only usenet provider (registration required) * [http://www.aioe.org aioe] free text only usenet provider (no registration required) * [http://retroshare.sourceforge.net/ retroshare] secure, decentralised communication and filesharing platform * [http://nmap.org/ nmap] network ping scan tool * [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikidata wikidata] - project to put wikipedia information into a semantic format, linking topics across languages and categories. ====non-commercial email providers==== please add more * [https://aktivix.org/ aktivix] (uk) * [http://www.immerda.ch immerda] (ch) * [http://www.systemli.org systemli.org] (de) * [http://mail.riseup.net riseup.net] (us) * [http://mtmedia.org mtmedia.org] (de)

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